This question can be rephrased like this – Why are we using chrome browser to automate our test cases? There are two main reasons for this: Why have we selected Chrome Driver for this tutorial and not others? You will need to use these drivers when you want to run your automation scripts on their corresponding browsers. Some popular ones are GeckoDriver for firefox, EdgeDriver for Microsoft Edge, InternerExplorerDriver for IE, SafariDriver for Safari browser and so on. Just like chrome driver, there are multiple other standalone servers as well. The benefit of running this in the notebook is that you don't need to know the exact path to pip running in the same virtual environment as Jupyter, so I use this trick a lot.Like Chrome Driver, are there more standalone servers for other browsers as well? Since I was planning to use it from a Jupyter Notebook I actually installed it by running the following in a cell in a notebook: %pip install selenium I installed Selenium using pip for Python 3: pip install selenium Clicking that worked around the signing issue.
To fix this, go to System Preferences -> Security & Privacy - there was a prompt there about the binary, with an "open this anyway" button. # A window displayed on macOS with an error The first time I ran it I got an error complaining that the binary has not been signed: ~/bin/chromedriver I decided to put this in my ~/bin directory. Unzipping this gave me a chromedriver binary file. I have Chrome 85 so I downloaded the chromedriver_mac64.zip file from Message: session not created: This version of ChromeDriver only supports Chrome version 85 Without using homebrewĬhromeDriver is available from the official website here:
Knowing how to upgrade an existing version is useful if you are seeing an error like this one: To upgrade an existing installation do this: brew upgrade chromedriver -cask You still need to run it once in the terminal chromedriver to get the macOS error, then allow it in the Security & Privacy preferences - see below. This also ensures chromedriver is on your path, which means you don't need to use an explicit chromedriver_path later on.
This is by far the easiest option: brew install chromedriver -cask
Install the chromedriver binary If you have homebrew I needed to run Selenium on macOS for the first time today. Simon Willison’s TILs Installing Selenium for Python on macOS with ChromeDriver Installing Selenium for Python on macOS with ChromeDriver | Simon Willison’s TILs
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